Uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy in CaRuO3{\rm CaRuO_3}

${\rm CaRuO_3}$ is a paramagnetic metal and since its low temperature resistivity is described by $\rho=\rho_0+AT^\gamma$ with $\gamma \sim 1.5$, it is also considered a non-Fermi liquid (NFL) metal. We have performed extensive magnetoresistance and Hall effect measurements of untwinned epitaxial films of ${\rm CaRuO_3}$. These measurements reveal that ${\rm CaRuO_3}$ exhibits uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy. In addition, the low-temperature NFL behavior is most effectively suppressed when a magnetic field is applied along the easy axis, suggesting that critical spin fluctuations, possibly due to proximity of a quantum critical phase transition, are related to the NFL behavior.Comment: 7 figure

Flat conductor cable termination development program Final report

Development program for methods of terminating flat conductor cable to small electrical components used on electrical displays and control panel

Automation of flow injection gas diffusion-ion chromatography for the nanomolar determination of methylamines and ammonia in seawater and atmospheric samples

The automation and improved design and performance of Flow Injection Gas Diffusion-Ion Chromatography (FIGD-IC), a novel technique for the simultaneous analysis of trace ammonia (NH3) and methylamines (MAs) in aqueous media, is presented. Automated Flow Injection Gas Diffusion (FIGD) promotes the selective transmembrane diffusion of MAs and NH3 from aqueous sample under strongly alkaline (pH > 12, NaOH), chelated (EDTA) conditions into a recycled acidic acceptor stream. The acceptor is then injected onto an ion chromatograph where NH3 and the MAs are fully resolved as their cations and detected conductimetrically. A versatile PC interfaced control unit and data capture unit (DCU) are employed in series to direct the selonoid valve switching sequence, IC operation and collection of data. Automation, together with other modifications improved both linearily (R2 > 0.99 MAs 0-100 nM, NH3 0-1000 nM) and precision (<8%) of FIGD-IC at nanomolar concentrations, compared with the manual procedure. The system was successfully applied to the determination of MAs and NH3 in seawater and in trapped particulate and gaseous atmospheric samples during an oceanographic research cruise

Challenges in the development of the orbiter atmosphere revitalization subsystem

The space shuttle orbiter atmospheric revitalization subsystem provides thermal and contaminant control as well as total- and oxygen partial-pressure control of the environment within the orbiter crew cabin. Challenges that occurred during the development of this subsystem for the space shuttle orbiter are described. The design of the rotating hardware elements of the system (pumps, fans, etc.) required significant development to meet the requirements of long service life, maintainability, and high cycle-fatigue life. As a result, a stringent development program, particularly in the areas of bearing life and heat dissipation, was required. Another area requiring significant development was cabin humidity control and condensate collection

Other Challenges in the Development of the Orbiter Environmental Control Hardware

Development of the Space Shuttle orbiter environmental control and life support system (ECLSS) included the identification and resolution of several interesting problems in several systems. Some of these problems occurred late in the program, including the flight phase. Problems and solutions related to the ammonia boiler system (ABS), smoke detector, water/hydrogen separator, and waste collector system (WCS) are addressed

Logics, rhetoric and 'the blob': populist logic in the Conservative reforms to English schooling

A lot has been written about the lasting implications of the Conservative reforms to English schooling, particularly changes made by Michael Gove as Education Secretary (2010–2014). There is a lot less work, however, on studying the role that language, strategy and the broader political framework played in the process of instituting and winning consent for these reforms. Studying these factors is important for ensuring that any changes to education and schooling are not read in isolation from their political context. Speeches particularly capture moments where intellectual and strategic political traditions meet, helping us to form a richer understanding of the motives behind specific reform goals and where they fit into a political landscape. This article analyses speeches and policy documents from prominent politicians who led the Conservative education agenda between 2010–2014 to illustrate how politicians mobilised a deliberate populist strategy and argumentation to achieve specific educational goals, but which have had broader social and political implications. Concepts from interpretive political studies are used to develop a case analysis of changes to teacher training provision and curriculum reform, illustrating how politicians constructed a frontier between ‘the people’ (commonly teachers or parents) and an illegitimate ‘elite’ (an educational establishment) that opposed change. This anti‐elite populist rhetoric, arguably first tested in the Department for Education, has now become instituted more widely in our current British politics

Exacerbation of methamphetamine-induced neurochemical deficits by melatonin

ABSTRACT Methamphetamine (METH), administered in large, repeated doses, compromises the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems as indicated by prolonged suppression of tyrosine hydroxylase and tryptophan hydroxylase activity and concurrent decreases in the content of dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine. Because dopamine is necessary for these dopaminergic and serotonergic deficits we postulated that dopamine and/or its reactive metabolites are responsible for these degenerative alterations. Because we previously demonstrated that in vitro reducing conditions reverse the decrease in tryptophan hydroxylase activity, we reasoned that melatonin, a purported endogenous antioxidant, may alter this response. Rats were treated with METH and/or melatonin and trytophan hydroxylase activity and 5-hydroxytryptamine content were assessed; tyrosine hydroxylase activity and dopamine content were also measured. Not only did melatonin not prevent METH-induced deficits in serotonergic and dopaminergic parameters, but coadministration of melatonin with METH actually enhanced most of the monoaminergic effects of METH. This enhancing effect could not be attributed to alteration of body temperature. Because METH abuse causes insomnia and melatonin is promoted in some countries for insomnia, the implications of the interaction between these two drugs could be clinically important. When administered in large, repeated doses, METH and its congeners, cause marked neurochemical deficits in certain dopaminergic and serotonergic nerve terminals of the brain; these include severely compromised activity of both TH Because we hypothesize that the neurochemical deficits induced by METH are attributed to oxidative stress associated with DA and/or its reactive metabolites and because melatonin is characterized as an endogenous antioxidant Materials and Methods Animals and treatments. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (Simonsen Laboratories Inc., Gilford, CA) weighing 200 to 240 g were housed (three to four per cage) in a temperature-controlled room (23°C) with a 12-hr light-dark cycle. Access to food and water was ad libitum. In the first experiment rats received injections with METH (5 or 15 mg/kg, s.c.) or vehicle (0.9% NaCl) at 6-hr intervals for a total of five administrations. Fifteen min before, and 2 hr after the METH injections, the rats received injections with melatonin (25 mg/kg, i.p., Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO) or vehicle (30% ethanol i

Rapid communication A rapid and reversible change in dopamine transporters induced by methamphetamine

Abstract Because high doses of methamphetamine promote free radical formation, and striatal dopamine transporters are rapidly inactivated by oxidative events, we determined the effect of a single high dose of methamphetamine on dopamine transporter activity in striatal synaptosomes. One hour after methamphetamine administration, dopamine uptake decreased by 48%. This dramatic decline was totally reversed by 24 h after treatment. These findings suggest that methamphetamine reversibly decreases dopamine transporter activity by oxidative mechanisms